Cleaning up the Leftovers after Planet Formation

Details Cleaning up the Leftovers after Planet Formation Cleaning up the Leftovers after Planet Formation

Mar 2004

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2004pfte.confe..27s&link_type=abstract

Presented at the KITP Conference: Planet Formation: Terrestrial and Extra Solar, Mar 18, 2004, Kavli Institute for Theoretical P

Physics

Scientific paper

Clean up of small bodies which were not accreted onto protoplanetswas the last and longest stage in planet formation.After oligarchy, protoplanets cleared wide gaps around theirorbits whichshut off the accretion of small bodies from just outside their Hillradii. Gravitational instability in the disk of small bodies producedlarger ones whose random velocities were excited until their orbitscrossed those of neighboring protoplanets. In the inner planet system,these bodies were ultimately incorporated into planets that continuedto grow. In the the outer planet system these bodies were ejected andeither took up residence in the Oort cloud or escaped from the sun. Animportant distinction between the formation of inner and outer planetsis that growth of the former continued through clean up, whereasformation of the latter was essential complete by the end ofoligarchy. This implies that the surface density of theproptoplanetary disk was that of the minimum solar mass nebula in theinner planet region but about six times larger in the outer planetregion. The timescale through clean up was set by the accretion rateat the geometrical cross section in the inner planet region, and bythe ejection rate at the gravitationally enhanced cross section in theouter planet region. It was a few hundred million years in the formerand a few billion years in the latter.The Oort cloud, should therefore contain as much mass inlarger than earth objects as in kilometer size bodies. Bothoriginate in the outer planetary region.

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