Major geomagnetic storms (Dst≤-100~nT) generated by corotating interaction regions in 1996--2004

Details Major geomagnetic storms (Dst≤-100~nT) generated by corotating interaction regions in 1996--2004 Major geomagnetic storms (Dst≤-100~nT) generated by corotating interaction regions in 1996--2004

May 2006

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2006agusmsh53a..06r&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2007, abstract #SH53A-06

Physics

2102 Corotating Streams, 2778 Ring Current, 2784 Solar Wind/Magnetosphere Interactions, 2788 Magnetic Storms And Substorms (7954)

Scientific paper

Nine of the major geomagnetic storms (Dst≤-100~nT) in 1996 to 2004 studied at the "Living with a Star" CDAW workshop in March, 2005 were driven purely by a corotating interaction region (CIR) without any contribution from coronal mass ejection-related material. These storms were generated by structures located both before and/or after the stream interface that included persistently southward magnetic fields for intervals of several hours. We compare the geomagnetic effects of these storms with those of 159 CIRs observed during 1996 -- 2005. The major storms form the extreme tail of a distribution of CIR geoeffectiveness which peaks at Dst~-40~nT but has a prominent seasonal variation of ~40~nT ordered by the spring and fall equinoxes and the solar wind magnetic field direction towards or away from the Sun. The O'Brien and McPherron [2000] equations for Dst prediction largely account for the variation in storm size but tend to underestimate the size of the larger CIR-associated storms by Dst~20~nT, suggesting that injection into the ring current may be more efficient than expected in such storms. The maximum storm strength in these events, plus an additional 23 CIR-associated storms in 1972 -- 1995, is Dst=-161~nT. This is consistent with the maximum storm strength (Dst~-180~nT) expected for the range of solar wind electric fields associated with CIRs, suggesting that CIRs alone are unlikely to generate geomagnetic storms that exceed such levels.

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