Major Geomagnetic Storms and Their Solar Source in Solar Cycle 23

Details Major Geomagnetic Storms and Their Solar Source in Solar Cycle 23 Major Geomagnetic Storms and Their Solar Source in Solar Cycle 23

May 2006

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2006agusmsh43a..07p&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2007, abstract #SH43A-07

Physics

7513 Coronal Mass Ejections (2101), 2101 Coronal Mass Ejections (7513)

Scientific paper

We present the progress on the study of solar sources of major geomagnetic storms for the whole 23rd solar cycle. During the period from 1996 to 2005, there are about 80 or so major geomagnetic storms; a major storm is selected here if the Dst index at peak time is smaller than or equal to -100 nT. The solar data we used include (1) CME observations from Large Angle Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) on-board the Solar and Helliospheric Observatory (SOHO) spacecraft, (2) coronal source region observations from Extreme-Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT, also on-board SOHO), (3) X-ray flare observations from GOES satellites. The solar wind plasma and magnetic field data in near-Earth space were based on ACE and WIND observations. For each of the major storms, we searched their solar CME drivers using a 120-hour-long backward search window. Further constraints are provided by EIT observations (e.g., CME must be front-side), and solar wind observations (smaller backward window if a fast ICME presents). We find that most geomagnetic storms are driven by three types of drivers: single front-side halo CME (S-type) (56%), multiple front-side halo CMEs (M-type) (26%) and corotating interaction region (CIR) (C-type) (17%); for a few events, we are not able to identify their solar sources, even all data are present. In terms of the distribution of surface source region of those geo-effective CMEs, we find that there is an east-west asymmetry and north-south asymmetry as well. The possible correlation between ICME and solar CME observations will be discussed.

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