High Resolution Global Topography of Eros From NEAR Imaging and LIDAR Data

Physics

Scientific paper

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6055 Surfaces, 6205 Asteroids, 6297 Instruments And Techniques

Scientific paper

The global topography of asteroid Eros is currently represented by an ensemble of about 6000 digital landmark maps (L-maps). Slopes found by applying stereo-photoclinometry to multiple NEAR images are integrated, with constraints coming from limbs and overlapping maps, to produce the L-map topography. The center of each L-map is a control point, whose location is determined in an iterative estimation along with the spacecraft orientation. The set of L-maps can be used to construct high-resolution composite maps of portions of the surface, or to produce a single high-resolution global topography model (GTM). Assuming a homogeneous mass distribution, the GTM can be used to estimate the inertial and gravitational properties of the asteroid. Differences between the predicted and measured gravity harmonics may suggest an inhomogeneous mass distribution. These differences have been significantly reduced from earlier estimates. In the study to date, very tight aprioris have been placed on the spacecraft position, so only the camera orientation is allowed to change. Now, both are being allowed to vary, and LIDAR data is being included. By fitting a trajectory through the spacecraft positions at the image times, both position and orientation errors can be minimized. The surface locations and ranges of the LIDAR spots along the trajectory produce an independent estimate of the topography, which can then be correlated with topography from the GTM to further constrain the spacecraft's location and improve the overall topography solution. This may improve the navigation solution to the extent that errors can be reduced in the determination of gravity harmonics, shedding more light on the internal structure of Eros.

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