Physics – Optics
Scientific paper
Feb 1987
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1987natur.325..507k&link_type=abstract
Nature (ISSN 0028-0836), vol. 325, Feb. 5, 1987, p. 507-509. Research supported by Stiftung Volkswagenwerk.
Physics
Optics
16
Galactic Clusters, Gravitational Lenses, Image Analysis, Radiation Sources, Background Radiation, Caustics (Optics), Quasars, Red Shift
Scientific paper
A cluster or supercluster responsible for multiple imaging has a high probability of being a marginal lens. Such a lens, barely able to split images of a distant source, has a subcritical surface mass density and remarkable properties unlike those of lenses with a density above critical. It is shown here that these properties can easily be recognized observationally when the image separation is larger than is normal for a lens made of a galaxy. There may be no prominent excess of galaxies and no microwave background inhomogeneities in the immediate area of the images, there may be an enhancement of the number of observable quasars at very different redshifts in an area much larger than the image separation, and there may be split images in the vicinity of unsplit images of other sources of even larger redshifts. Modern techniques permit a specific search for these lenses, which could constrain theories of structure formation in the universe.
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