Relativistic Plasma Jets from Black Hole Accretion

Physics – Plasma Physics

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

Jets are a ubiquitous product of accretion of matter onto compact astrophysical objects. Here we concentrate on those associated with black holes. A number of basic properties of jets have been derived in the recent past from observations with radio, optical, X-ray and gamma-ray telescopes. Jets are broad-band emitters that can radiate photons from the radio to TeV energy. Continuous particle acceleration takes place along the entire plasma flow. Jets traverse many orders of magnitude in spatial scales and remain self-similar over a long range. They are found in stellar as well as supermassive black holes showing remarkably scale-invariant properties. Magnetic fields are likely the dominating driving mechanism at the jet footpoint, coupled to some form of an accretion flow. The origin of jets is very close to the central object, possibly being as small as a few Schwarzschild radii. In a few cases this region is even observed with radio interferometers -- in the future this can be used to image the event horizon. Interestingly, jet-formation seems to be almost always possible, irrespective of the accretion rate or spin of the black hole and one can present a unified view of jets across many orders of magnitude of accretion rate and mass of the central object.

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