Melting relations of the hydrous primitive mantle in the CMAS-H2O system at high pressures and temperatures, and implications for generation of komatiites

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Scientific paper

The hydrous phase relations of primitive mantle compositions in the CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O system with 1, 2, and 5wt.% H2O have been investigated at 4, 6.5, and 8GPa. The stability field of orthopyroxene in the residue expands with increasing H2O content at 4-8GPa. Dissolution temperature of garnet decreases more rapidly than that of the other phases at 4 and 6.5GPa. The dissolution curves of garnet and pyroxenes cross at 6GPa and 1700°C in the 2wt.% H2O-bearing system. Garnet is stable until high degree of melting at 8GPa. Compositions of aluminum depleted komatiites are consistent with the liquid formed by more than 30% melting of the primitive mantle with H2O up to 5wt.% at 8GPa. Aluminum undepleted komatiite can be formed by more than 50wt.% melting of dry and wet primitive peridotite (with water up to 2wt.% H2O) at around 4-6GPa. Variation in chemistry of komatiites might be explained by partial melting of primitive mantle with various water contents.

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