Physics – Physics and Society
Scientific paper
2007-04-20
Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 218701 (2009)
Physics
Physics and Society
5 pages, 4 figures
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.218701
We perform a quantitative analysis of extensive chess databases and show that the frequencies of opening moves are distributed according to a power-law with an exponent that increases linearly with the game depth, whereas the pooled distribution of all opening weights follows Zipf's law with universal exponent. We propose a simple stochastic process that is able to capture the observed playing statistics and show that the Zipf law arises from the self-similar nature of the game tree of chess. Thus, in the case of hierarchical fragmentation the scaling is truly universal and independent of a particular generating mechanism. Our findings are of relevance in general processes with composite decisions.
Blasius Bernd
Toenjes Ralf
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