Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Scientific paper
1995-11-05
Nucl.Phys. B474 (1996) 3-31
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
LaTeX, 30 pages, 4 encapsulated postscript figures (included, uuencoded), uses epsf.tex. Title/references modified, minor styl
Scientific paper
10.1016/0550-3213(96)00239-8
The space of static finite-energy configurations in the electroweak theory admits a $Z_2$ topological structure. More precisely, we show that this space contains two disconnected sectors of unstable gauge-Higgs fields odd under a properly defined generalized parity. This classification extends the description of baryon and lepton number violating electroweak processes to the symmetric phase of the theory. Configurations with odd pure-gauge behaviour at spatial infinity, such as the sphaleron, multisphalerons, electroweak strings as well as an infinite surface of their equivalents, have half-integer Chern-Simons number and mediate B+L violating processes in the early universe. Finite-energy configurations with even pure-gauge behaviour, such as the $S^*$ new sphaleron and electroweak strings, are topologically equivalent to the vacuum and are irrelevant for B+L violation. We discuss the possible formation of B+L violating quark-lepton condensates in the symmetric high-temperature phase of the electroweak theory.
Axenides Minos
Johansen Andrei
Nielsen Holger Bech
Tornkvist Ola
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