Western U.S. upper mantle structure

Details Western U.S. upper mantle structure Western U.S. upper mantle structure

May 1994

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1994jgr....99.9615h&link_type=abstract

Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227), vol. 99, no. B5, p. 9615-9634

Physics

Geophysics

67

Earth Crust, Earth Mantle, Earth Planetary Structure, Geophysics, P Waves, S Waves, Seismology, Topography, United States, Algorithms, Anisotropy, Maps, Mathematical Models, Tectonics, Tomography, Variations, Volcanoes, Volcanology, Wavelengths

Scientific paper

Regional three-dimensional inversions of upper mantle P wave velocity structure are created from teleseismic P wave travel time residuals recorded by many of the high-density high-frequency regional arrays operated within the western United States. These inversions are adjusted to a global (International Seismic Centre) reference and merged to obtain an image of the upper mantle beneath western United States. The P wave velocities in the upper mantle are slow on average, and the structure is very heterogeneous. Where resolutions is good, coherent upper mantle structures are imaged that extend as deep as approximately 200 km (the Juan de Fuca and Gorda slabs, which penetrate to greater depths, are exceptions) and deviate from the average velocity (at a given depth) by as much as plus or minus 4%. Lateral resolution of these structures usually is very good, although the magnitude of the actual seismic variations is probably greater than that imaged. The long wavelength part of the image mantle structure defines coherent enlongate features with wavelengths of 200-500 km. Within approximately 250 km of the Pacific Coast, these structures have a wavelength of approximately 250 km and trend parallel to the surface physiography and young tectonic structures. Beneath the continental interior, where use is made of additional seismic studies to infer average structure in regions of poor teleseismic data coverage, structures have a wavelength of approximately 500 km and trend northeasterly. This northeast orientation is discordant with young tectonic structures but aligns with young volcanic activity.

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