Waveguide effects in the planetary-wave propagation in the middle atmosphere

Physics

Scientific paper

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Atmospheric Attenuation, Geostrophic Wind, Middle Atmosphere, Planetary Waves, Wave Propagation, Atmospheric Boundary Layer, Atmospheric Models, Refractivity, Zonal Flow (Meteorology)

Scientific paper

Model planetary wave (PW) propagation is examined on the basis of the quasi-geostrophic model and the refraction index is corrected. It is shown that the propagation of perturbations into the equatorial region is shielded by the refraction barrier. This barrier and the near-polar region generate the global waveguide for PW propagation. Specific zonal-flow structures may form local PW waveguides which narrow the latitudinal distribution of perturbations. It is shown that, as a result of the waveguide effects, the wave phase gradient loses with height its dependence on the lower boundary conditions, and is determined here only by dissipative processes. It is hypothesized that, for the the same reason, the amplitude distribution at these heights depends only slightly on the lower boundary conditions. It is noted that the phase variations at the lower boundary give changes in the amplitude refraction coefficients, which can lead to variations of the PW amplitude by several times. It is suggested that there may be a link between this effect and sudden stratospheric warmings.

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