Warm Spitzer Secondary Transit Photometry of Hot Jupiters HAT-P-6b, HAT-P-8b and XO-4b

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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An increasing number of transiting exoplanets have been observed at secondary eclipse. By measuring the depth of these eclipses at different wavelengths it is possible to distinguish between planets that have a temperature inversion in the upper layers of their atmospheres and ones that do not. We observed XO-4b, HAT-P-6b and HAT-P-8b during secondary eclipse with the IRAC instrument on Warm Spitzer at 3.6 and 4.5 microns. We compare the resulting eclipse depths to atmospheric models with and without temperature inversions, and thereby place constraints on the properties of their day-side atmospheres and heat redistribution efficiencies. The XO-4b and HAT-P-6b eclipse depths agree best with inverted models, while HAT-P-8b exhibits no temperature inversion. Knutson et al. (2010) hypothesized a correlation between lack of a temperature inversion and host star activity. Also, Cowan & Agol (2011), investigated the dependence between planetary effective temperatures, assuming no redistribution, and heat redistribution efficiency, finding that the hottest planets re-distribute heat inefficiently. We compare our planets with the Knutson and Cowan-Agol relations, and we find that they are consistent with the Knutson et al. activity hypothesis, but they are not hot enough to test the Cowan & Agol hypothesis.

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