Visualization of superposition of macroscopically distinct states

Details Visualization of superposition of macroscopically distinct states Visualization of superposition of macroscopically distinct states

2006-08-25

arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0608196v1

Phys. Rev. A 74, 052111 (2006)

Physics

Quantum Physics

12pages, 21figures

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.74.052111

We propose a method of visualizing superpositions of macroscopically distinct states in many-body pure states. We introduce a visualization function, which is a coarse-grained quasi joint probability density for two or more hermitian additive operators. If a state contains superpositions of macroscopically distinct states, one can visualize them by plotting the visualization function for appropriately taken operators. We also explain how to efficiently find appropriate operators for a given state. As examples, we visualize four states containing superpositions of macroscopically distinct states: the ground state of the XY model, that of the Heisenberg antiferromagnet, a state in Shor's factoring algorithm, and a state in Grover's quantum search algorithm. Although the visualization function can take negative values, it becomes non-negative (hence becomes a coarse-grained joint probability density) if the characteristic width of the coarse-graining function used in the visualization function is sufficiently large.

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