Physics – Nuclear Physics – Nuclear Theory
Scientific paper
2009-05-14
Physics
Nuclear Physics
Nuclear Theory
Prepared for QGP4
Scientific paper
One of the most striking results from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider is the strong elliptic flow. This review summarizes what is observed and how these results are combined with reasonable theoretical assumptions to estimate the shear viscosity of QCD near the phase transition. A data comparison with viscous hydrodynamics and kinetic theory calculations indicates that the shear viscosity to entropy ratio is surprisingly small, $\eta/s < 0.4$. The preferred range is $\eta/s \simeq (1\leftrightarrow 3) \times 1/4\pi$.
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