Variations in air density from January 1972 to April 1975 at heights near 200 km

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Atmospheric Density, Geomagnetism, Magnetic Flux, Orbit Decay, Satellite Lifetime, Annual Variations, Cosmos Satellites, Diurnal Variations, Orbit Calculation, Solar Activity Effects

Scientific paper

Cosmos 462, a killer satellite, was launched on Dec. 3, 1971 and exploded near its target a few hours later. The largest piece remaining from 462 was designated 1971-106A and was tracked until its natural decay in April 1975. Its orbital parameters were as follows: period 105 min, perigee 230 km, apogee 1800 km, and inclination 65.7 deg. Using some 5400 observations, accurate orbits at 85 epochs have been computed with reference to variations in air density at heights near 200 km. Results show a main semi-annual residual variation with maxima in April and October, and minima in July and January, irregular in phase and shape. Amplitude is found to be fairly constant over the years, and it is noted that the April/July density ratio is considerably higher than that reported by CIRA (1.68 as opposed to 1.32).

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