Physics – Nuclear Physics – Nuclear Theory
Scientific paper
2009-07-20
Phys.Rev.C80:065201,2009
Physics
Nuclear Physics
Nuclear Theory
38 pages, 13 figures, 19 tables. Version to be published in Physical Review C
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevC.80.065201
Contributions of $D$ waves to physical observables for neutral pion photoproduction from the proton in the near-threshold region are studied and means to isolate them are proposed. Various approaches to describe the multipoles are employed --a phenomenological one, a unitary one, and heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory. The results of these approaches are compared and found to yield essentially the same answers. $D$ waves are seen to enter together with $S$ waves in a way that any means which attempt to obtain the $E_{0+}$ multipole accurately must rely on knowledge of $D$ waves and that consequently the latter cannot be dismissed in analyses of low-energy pion photoproduction. It is shown that $D$ waves have a significant impact on double-polarization observables that can be measured. This importance of $D$ waves is due to the soft nature of the $S$ wave and is a direct consequence of chiral symmetry and the Nambu--Goldstone nature of the pion. $F$-wave contributions are shown to be negligible in the near-threshold region.
Bernstein Aron M.
Donnelly T. W.
Fernandez-Ramirez C.
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