Ultrafast upwelling bursting through the upper mantle

Details Ultrafast upwelling bursting through the upper mantle Ultrafast upwelling bursting through the upper mantle

Feb 1997

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1997e%26psl.146..393l&link_type=abstract

Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 146, Issue 3-4, p. 393-399.

Physics

19

Scientific paper

A high-resolution calculation of strongly time-dependent thermal convection in the upper mantle with non-Newtonian, temperature-dependent rheology shows that, for an effective Rayleigh number of around 106, extremely fast upwellings, at times exceeding 10 m/yr, can be generated a few hundred kilometers below the lithosphere. There is a clear separation of timescales between this fast jet and the more slowly convecting mantle. Within this fast vertical shear layer is embedded a thermal boundary layer with a width of the order of 50 km. The development of the fast non-Newtonian upwelling is characterized by the growth of the plume head to a large enough size, before the plume takes off rapidly at a depth of around 350 km. Upon impinging the base of the lithosphere, this fast plume thins the lithosphere and the flow then becomes a horizontally moving hot sheet, extending out for around 1000 km. This scenario is found to repeat itself at the same location about 10 Myr after the first plume impingement.

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