Ultra-low vibration pulse-tube cryocooler stabilized cryogenic sapphire oscillator with 10^-16 fractional frequency stability

Details Ultra-low vibration pulse-tube cryocooler stabilized cryogenic sapphire oscillator with 10^-16 fractional frequency stability Ultra-low vibration pulse-tube cryocooler stabilized cryogenic sapphire oscillator with 10^-16 fractional frequency stability

2010-04-16

arxiv.org/abs/1004.2886v2

IEEE Trans. on MTT, 58, 3580-3586, 2010

Physics

Instrumentation and Detectors

8 pages, 10 figures, presented at European Frequency and Time Forum, ESTEC, Noordwijk, Netherland, April 11-16th 2010 accepted

Scientific paper

10.1109/TMTT.2010.2086551

A low maintenance long-term operational cryogenic sapphire oscillator has been implemented at 11.2 GHz using an ultra-low-vibration cryostat and pulse-tube cryocooler. It is currently the world's most stable microwave oscillator employing a cryocooler. Its performance is explained in terms of temperature and frequency stability. The phase noise and the Allan deviation of frequency fluctuations have been evaluated by comparing it to an ultra-stable liquid-helium cooled cryogenic sapphire oscillator in the same laboratory. Assuming both contribute equally, the Allan deviation evaluated for the cryocooled oscillator is sigma_y = 1 x 10^-15 tau^-1/2 for integration times 1 < tau < 10 s with a minimum sigma_y = 3.9 x 10^-16 at tau = 20 s. The long term frequency drift is less than 5 x 10^-14/day. From the measured power spectral density of phase fluctuations the single side band phase noise can be represented by L_phi(f) = 10^-14.0/f^4+10^-11.6/f^3+10^-10.0/f^2+10^-10.2/f+ 10^-11.0 for Fourier frequencies 10^-3

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