Two station observations of thermospheric winds in the auroral zone and the polar cap

Physics

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Auroral Zones, Polar Caps, Thermosphere, Wind Measurement, Diurnal Variations, Doppler Radar, Ground Stations, Meridional Flow, Optical Radar, Universal Time, Vertical Distribution

Scientific paper

The observations of the thermospheric wind on December 8-9, 1981 obtained from Longyearbyen (78.2 deg N, 15.6 deg E) and Kiruna (67.8 deg N, 20.0 deg E) using the 630 nm red airglow emission from atomic oxygen as a tracer are described. It is determined that the pattern and magnitudes of the nightside meridional winds at the two stations are similar. The differences in the evening and morning zonal winds are analyzed; the existence of a morning vortex is examined. The observed data are compared with the three-dimensional time-dependent thermospheric models of Fuller-Rowell and Rees (1981). The data correlate well for the magnitude, gradient, and zero crossings of meridional winds. The factors contributing to the poor prediction of zonal components are studied.

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