Two-Dimensional Quantum Black Holes

Physics

Scientific paper

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Quantum Gravity, Dilaton Gravity

Scientific paper

The twentieth century paved two profound avenues in theoretical physics; quantum mechanics and general relativity. However, a consistent theory of quantum gravity remains elusive. Currently, our knowledge of the interface between quantum mechanics and gravity is relegated to semi-classical investigations. One profound prediction of semi-classical gravity is that quantum processes induce black hole evaporation. This prediction has provoked a vigorous debate about the final state of an evaporating black hole. The central issue is that if black holes are allowed to completely evaporate, then quantum mechanical phase information may be destroyed. Subsequently, pure quantum states may evolve into mixed states. But such non-unitary evolution is strictly forbidden by quantum mechanics! If it indeed occurs, then quantum mechanics as it stands is incomplete and must be tinkered with before a consistent theory of quantum gravity may be developed. In this dissertation we examine black holes originating in dilaton gravity. Dilaton gravity is the low-energy limit of string theory--currently our best candidate for a theory of quantum gravity. Unlike general relativity, dilaton gravity comes in a two-dimensional version. This greatly simplifies a discussion of black hole evaporation and may even illuminate the resolution of the information loss problem. Unfortunately, we are unable to expose a resolution at this time. However, we do discuss several interesting features of two-dimensional dilatonic black holes such as their thermodynamics, Hawking radiation back -reaction, and horizon fluctuations.

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