Towards Earth-like Worlds: Identifying and Removing Stellar Jitter

Details Towards Earth-like Worlds: Identifying and Removing Stellar Jitter Towards Earth-like Worlds: Identifying and Removing Stellar Jitter

Jan 2012

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2012aas...21943203c&link_type=abstract

American Astronomical Society, AAS Meeting #219, #432.03

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

Scientific paper

Space-based, photometric surveys have moved us into a new era of exoplanet discovery. In order to confirm the masses and hence the planetary nature of exoplanet candidates from such surveys, radial velocity (RV) follow up is mandatory. To do this for low-mass planets typically requires cm/s RV precision. However, astrophysical noise sources (or stellar jitter) due to spots, plages, granulation and stellar oscillations, for example, become an issue at the m/s level. These phenomena alter the shape of the stellar absorption lines, injecting spurious or systematic RV signals that may mask or mimic planetary signals. As such, `quiet’ stars (those with little activity) are the most likely candidates for the detection of low-mass planets, but even these stars will still exhibit some stellar jitter. We present our techniques to explore the stellar jitter due to granulation through the use of sophisticated 3D magnetohydrodynamical simulations of the Sun. In addition, we also present the identification of an entirely new source of stellar jitter that has been hitherto unrecognized and that could impact the RV follow-up and confirmation of low-mass terrestrial planets and Earth-like worlds.

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