Three-dimensional imaging of upward positive leaders in triggered lightning using VHF broadband digital interferometers

Details Three-dimensional imaging of upward positive leaders in triggered lightning using VHF broadband digital interferometers Three-dimensional imaging of upward positive leaders in triggered lightning using VHF broadband digital interferometers

Mar 2010

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2010georl..3705805y&link_type=abstract

Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 37, Issue 5, CiteID L05805

Physics

5

Atmospheric Processes: Lightning, Atmospheric Processes: Atmospheric Electricity, Atmospheric Processes: Convective Processes, Atmospheric Processes: Remote Sensing, Atmospheric Processes: Mesoscale Meteorology

Scientific paper

Upward positive leaders (UPLs) in two artificially-initiated lightning flashes were imaged in three dimensions using VHF broadband digital interferometers and a high-speed video camera with time-synchronized channel-base current measurements. Locatable VHF sources of the two UPLs began at 1.1 km and 1.5 km, a few milliseconds after the UPL inception, and ascended to 2.4 km and 3.7 km, respectively, with average 3-D speeds on the order of 106 ms-1. The initial stage currents for both flashes were unusually large and had peak values of 6 kA and 18 kA. VHF sources associated with positive leader propagation were located when the average current was higher than 3 kA and had significant pulse activity. The source altitudes and channel-base currents suggest that there might have been a region of significant negative charge at altitudes from 2 to 4 km, which is below the freezing level of typical thunderstorms in Florida.

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