Thermodynamical response of the mantle to a moving upper boundary

Physics

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Scientific paper

A simple thermodynamical model of the mantle is employed to investigate the dynamical responses of the mantle to a moving upper boundary, which used to be considered the driving force for mantle convection. The thermal behaviour of the mantle strongly influences the convection patterns in the mantle. The thermal responses to a moving upper boundary show that two components of flow (poloidal and toroidal) may be generated in different ways. The toroidal field of flow may be driven only by the toroidal movement of plates. Our test provides a passive or active mechanism for poloidal mantle flow. Linear stability limits the Rayleigh number of the fluid used in this research to within 1.5 times the lowest critical Rayleigh number at which thermal convection will begin. When the Rayleigh number of the mantle increases the spectrum of mantle flow is changeable, and depends on the thermal character of the mantle. When the Rayleigh number of the mantle is more than the critical Rayleigh number of order n, nth order convection will be generated and this will govern the convection pattern. These results imply that the moving plates may play different roles in driving sub-mantle flow depending upon the thermal state of the mantle.

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