The theory of Z-mode echoes

Details The theory of Z-mode echoes The theory of Z-mode echoes

Sep 1965

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1965jatp...27.1019p&link_type=abstract

Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, vol. 27, no. 9, pp. 1019-1025

Physics

Scientific paper

A new theory is proposed to explain the return of Z-mode echoes from the F-layer, The currently accepted theory postulates strong back scattering at the reflection layer, an assumption which cannot always be justified. The Z-mode can be reflected along the incident path with little or no need of back scattering, if the layers of reflection are nearly normal to the earth's magnetic field. The local horizontal electron density gradient of the ionosphere can. provide the required tilting of the reflecting layers. Numerical computations with existing observational data support the proposed mechanism.

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