The String Universe: High $T_c$ Superconductor or Quantum Hall Conductor?

Details The String Universe: High $T_c$ Superconductor or Quantum Hall Conductor? The String Universe: High $T_c$ Superconductor or Quantum Hall Conductor?

1992-09-04

arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/9209013v1

Phys.Lett.B296:40-50,1992

Physics

High Energy Physics

High Energy Physics - Theory

19 pages

Scientific paper

10.1016/0370-2693(92)90801-A

Our answer is the latter. Space-time singularities, including the initial one, are described by world-sheet topological Abelian gauge theories with a Chern-Simons term. Their effective $N=2$ supersymmetry provides an initial fixed point where the Bogomolny bound is saturated on the world-sheet, corresponding to an extreme Reissner-Nordstrom solution in space-time. Away from the singularity the gauge theory has world-sheet matter fields, bosons and fermions, associated with the generation of target space-time. Because the fermions are complex (cf the Quantum Hall Effect) rather than real (cf high-$T_c$ superconductors) the energetically-preferred vacuum is not parity or time-reversal invariant, and the associated renormalization group flow explains the cosmological arrow of time, as well as the decay of real or virtual black holes, with a monotonic increase in entropy.

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