The Response of Nitric Oxide at 150 km to Periods of Heightened Geomagnetic Activity

Physics

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0355 Thermosphere: Composition And Chemistry

Scientific paper

Global observations made by the Student Nitric Oxide Explorer (SNOE) satellite ultraviolet spectrometer are being studied in order to characterize the response of nitric oxide (NO) at 150 km to periods of heightened geomagnetic activity. The SNOE mission, which lasted from March 1998 to November 2003, spanned solar maximum. The study includes storm periods that occurred during the SNOE mission near equinox and solstice for which the 3 day average of the Ap index was above a threshold value. SNOE observations at 150 km are compared with those at 106 km, the altitude of peak NO density. The mixing ratio of NO is higher at 150 km, an altitude where the efficient emission in the infrared of the NO molecule plays an important role in the radiatiave cooling of the thermosphere. The NO density at both altitudes was enhanced in response to geomagnetic activity and that enhancement, while most pronounced at high latitudes, extended equatorward. The response at 150 km differed appreciably from that at 106 km. The NO density enhancement at 150 km occurred more rapidly in response to geomagnetic activity, but was of shorter duration, than the enhancement at 106 km. In addition, the 150 km NO response exhibited seasonally dependent patterns of hemispherical symmetry. The enhancement that occurred in response to activity near the equinox was present and of similar magnitude in both hemispheres, while that due to geomagnetic activity that occurred at or near the solstice was hemispherically asymmetric, with the larger enhancement in NO density occurring in the summer hemisphere.

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