Physics
Scientific paper
Jul 1977
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1977jatp...39..787m&link_type=abstract
Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, vol. 39, July 1977, p. 787-792.
Physics
7
D Region, Solar X-Rays, Sudden Ionospheric Disturbances, Vlf Emission Recorders, Phase Shift, Solar Flares, Solar Flux, Very Low Frequencies
Scientific paper
The quantitative relationship between VLF phase deviations in sudden phase anomaly (SPA) events and associated solar X-ray fluxes in the 1-8 A band during solar flares is studied. The phase deviations in an 18.6 kHz VLF wave transmitted from a U.S. station and recorded at a Japanese station during the period June 1974 to May 1975 were used in this analysis, and the solar X-ray fluxes (F-zero) in the 1-8 A band were estimated from f(min) variations by means of the empirical expression provided by Sato (1975). The results show that the normalized phase variation increases with increasing log F-zero. This finding is explained theoretically by assuming that enhanced ionizations, produced in the lower ionosphere by a monochromatic solar X-ray emission, are responsible for the VLF phase deviations. The threshold X-ray flux required to produce a detectable SPA effect is approximately 1.5 times 10 to the minus third per sq cm per sec.
Muraoka Yuji
Murata Hiroo
Sato Takeshi
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