The polar ionosphere of Venus near the terminator from Venera 15 and 16 radio occultation data

Physics

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Ionospheric Electron Density, Planetary Ionospheres, Radio Occultation, Terminator Lines, Venus Atmosphere, Vertical Distribution, Polar Regions, Solar Position, Venera Satellites, Zenith

Scientific paper

Height distributions of the electron concentration over the surface of Venus in polar regions near the terminator have been obtained for the zenith angles of the sun 90-96 deg from Venera 15 and 16 dual-frequency radio occultation data. It is found that, in the zenith angle range investigated, the electron concentration distribution can have either one or two ionization maxima. In the upper maximum, at a height of 140-150 km, the electron concentration decreases with increasing zenith angle, whereas in the lower maximum, the electron concentration is practically independent of the zenith angle. At heights above 200 km, a plasma layer with an almost constant electron concentration of 1000 per cu cm is formed.

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