The MST technique - A brief review

Computer Science – Sound

Scientific paper

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Atmospheric Circulation, Atmospheric Sounding, Atmospheric Turbulence, Middle Atmosphere, Radar Measurement, Equatorial Atmosphere, Mesosphere, Power Spectra, Radar Echoes, Stratosphere, Tropical Regions, Troposphere, Wind Measurement

Scientific paper

A review of the MST (mesosphere-stratosphere-troposphere) radar technique for remote atmospheric observations in the height range 1-100 km is presented, with examples given which were obtained mainly from observatories located within the tropics, the Jicamarca Radar Observatory in Peru, the Arecibo Radar Observatory in Puerto Rico, and the Altair Radar facility on the Marshall Islands. Parameters for some coherent pulsed radar systems involved in clear air studies are presented. Restrictions in the use of MST techniques include (1) the need to transmit at high power levels and to have large physical aperture antennas and (2) the requirement that the operating frequency, i.e., only the lowest frequencies in the VHF range, be capable of 'seeing' turbulence above 50 km. Data presentation is discussed, and a sample of Doppler spectra and a comparison of zonal velocities by the Jicamarca radar and rockets at Ascension Island is used as an illustration. Some of the current MST capabilities are demonstrated, but the necessity of having additional equatorial-region observatories is stressed. An example of a reasonably economical system is discussed.

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