Physics
Scientific paper
Nov 1962
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1962gecoa..26.1147h&link_type=abstract
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol. 26, Issue 11, pp.1147-1187
Physics
15
Scientific paper
Minor element analyses have been made on modern sediments from the Gulf of Paria. The total trace element data suggest that Ga, Cr, V, Cu, Pb, Ba, Ti, Li, and, to a lesser extent, Co, Ni and B probably entered the basin of deposition mainly combined structurally in the lattices of the degraded clay minerals. The evidence resulting from a differential chemical attack on the sediments supports the above contention. The entry of considerable B in structural positions throws some doubt on the utility of total B as a salinity indicator. Gallium probably occupies lattice positions in all three clay minerals, illite, kaolinite and montmorillonite while Cr, V, Co, Ni, Cu, Pb, Ba and Li are associated with illite and montmorillonite; Cr and Cu possibly favouring illite as their host, whilst montmorillonite contains greater absolute concentrations of Li, V, Co and Ni. The sedimentation intensity of non-detrital Ga, Cr and Pb has remained moderately constant irrespective of variation in total sedimentation intensity. Variation in the sedimentation intensity of non-detrital V, Co, Ni and Cu with total sedimentation intensity is possibly attributable to the shift in drainage of the Orinoco system prior to deposition of the greenish muds or, alternatively, to preferential adsorption of these elements onto limonitic concretions during the bluish clay period. The limonitic concretions contain appreciable concentrations of V, Co, Ni, Cu, Mo and Pb. Absolute non-detrital Ga, Cr, V, Co, Ni, Cu, Pb, Sn and possibly Be and Mo, are concentrated in near-shore areas, particularly the Boca Vagre delta. This concentration is possibly related to adsorption onto clay minerals which are flocculating due to a change in salinity and acting as scavengers. Association with organic carbon in the Boca Vagre, and limonitic concretions or calcareous detritus on the platforms, may also play a part in this concentration. Evidence suggests that control by organic carbon may be significant for nondetrital Co, Pb, Sn and Ag but plays little part in achieving the observed concentrations of absolute non-detrital Ga, Cr, V, Ni, Cu or Mo. Data on the alkali metals suggests that the order of adsorbance onto clay minerals is Cs>Bb>K. Strontium is concentrated in those sediments containing aragonite but substantial control by clay minerals is also indicated. The distribution of Zr is probably related to provenance rather than sorting of the sediments during transportation
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