The effect of CaCl 2 ---H 2 O brines on the dehydration of Ca-exchanged montmorillonite (SWy-1) at elevated temperatures and pressures

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Scientific paper

The dehydration temperature of a Ca-exchanged montmorillonite (Clay Minerals Society Clay SWy-I) in montmorillonite-CaCl 2 mixtures containing 0.0, 0.9, 1.8, 5, 10, 20, and 30 wt% CaCl 2 was determined at pressures to 700 bars, using high-pressure-differential thermal analysis (HP-DTA). The calculated concentrations of the resulting solutions range from 0.0 to 72.8 wt%o (0.0-30.3 mol%) CaCl 2 A substantial decrease of the dehydration temperature was observed, which is caused by the reduction of f H 2 O in these solutions. The relationship between the CaCl 2 concentration of the fluid, temperature, and the fugacity coefficient ( H 2 O ) was determined to 600 ° C. H 2 O ranges from 0.125 at 300 ° C to 0.34 at 600 ° C in a 30.3 mol% CaCl 2 fluid and from 0.53 at 300 ° C to 0.70 at 600 ° C in a 0.91 mol% CaCl 2 fluid. In the presence of moderately concentrated brines and at slightly elevated temperatures, Ca-rich smectite in sedimentary basins may be capable of buffering the fluid pressure.

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