Physics – Geophysics
Scientific paper
Feb 1985
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1985amsci..73...41w&link_type=abstract
American Scientist (ISSN 0003-0996), vol. 73, Jan.-Feb. 1985, p. 41-46.
Physics
Geophysics
2
Astrometry, Earth Rotation, Geophysics, Angular Velocity, Diurnal Variations, Earth Tides, Friction Factor, Glaciology, Long Term Effects, Lunar Rangefinding, Satellite Tracking, Very Long Base Interferometry
Scientific paper
Long-term and short-term fluctuations in the earth rotation rate are characterized in a general review. The methods used to measure the length of the day (LOD) are surveyed, including classical optical methods, laser ranging to reflectors on the moon or to satellites such as Lageos, and VLBI. Mechanisms proposed to account for LOD variation are explained, such as tidal friction, the effects of the last ice age, electromagnetically forced rotational-angular-momentum transfer between the solid mantle and the fluid outer core, tidal deformation, ocean currents, angular-momentum exchange between the earth and atmospheric winds, and seasonal redistributions of atmospheric mass. Diagrams and graphs are provided.
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