The Camera for LSST and its Focal Plane Array

Physics – Optics

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

Optically fed by LSST's fast and wide-field optics, the camera has a 9.6 square degree FOV in a 3.2 Gigapixel focal plane array. The focal plane is tiled by 189 4Kx4K CCD science sensors with 10μm (0.2 arcsec) pixels and also houses four diagnostic ("corner raft") packages that provide guide- and wavefront-sensors at opposing sides of the field.
The focal plane array is highly modular and features a parallelized readout scheme, allowing the entire array to be read in 2 seconds. Dedicated front- and back-end electronics boards housed within the cryostat vacuum vessel operate sensors in raft groups (3x3 sensors; 144 data channels) while mechanically identical "rafts” are precision-mounted on a rigid silicon carbide grid structure.
Three large, refractive lens elements act as the optical system's corrector (the third, L3, provides the vacuum barrier for the cryostat), and one of six possible band-pass filters is positioned in the beam at any given time. Mechanisms within the camera include a mechanical shutter and a carousel filter changer assembly. The camera control system manages all aspects of camera operation including image capture, thermal monitoring and control, vacuum control, filter changes, and communication with the observatory control system.
The data acquisition system records and pre-processes raw images, provides up to 3 days of storage capacity, and provides very high throughput data transfer to downstream data management.

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