Physics
Scientific paper
Aug 1999
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1999nimpa.433..104a&link_type=abstract
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A, Volume 433, Issue 1-2, p. 104-120.
Physics
12
Scientific paper
We describe a 125m diameter spherical detector containing 1Mt of water, capable of high rate observation of atmospheric neutrino events (30000/y). The ring imaging Cherenkov (RICH) technique is used to measure velocity, momentum and direction of particles produced by neutrinos interacting in water. The detector will be sited outdoors (under a 50m water shield) in a natural (further excavated) pit, probably in Sicily. Spherical reflecting mirrors focus Cherenkov light produced by secondaries from interacting neutrinos. Photons are detected by 5310 hybrid photodiodes (HPDs) of 1m diameter each with 396 pads of 45×45mm2 on the photocathode surface, demagnified to 9×9mm2 on the silicon sensor. For most tracks the ring width will be dominated by multiple scattering which should allow momentum to be determined. Hadrons of momentum /p<=5GeV//c can be measured with σp/p<=7% and muons of /p<=32GeV//c with σp/p<=1%. The ring center determines track direction with σθx,σθy~6 mrad. Track reconstruction in water will require time resolution σt<1ns. Detection of oscillating muon signals (disappearance) is feasible with atmospheric neutrinos and precision measurement of oscillation parameters is feasible for 10-2<=Δm2<=10- 4eV2. Tau or sterile neutrino appearance experiments are also possible with atmospheric neutrinos. Other physics topics addressable with this detector are proton decay, supernova detection and search for astrophysical neutrino sources. A first test module of 3 tons water and 120PMs (32mm φ) will operate (5/99) with 1-3GeV muons in a CERN-PS test beam to verify the momentum algorithm. A second (6m)3 test module with 216 tons of water and 25 HPDs (0.25m φ) is designed to observe full multi-track images and test pattern recognition and ring reconstruction algorithms.
Antonioli Pietro
Bari G.
Bellagamba Lorenzo
Chesi Enrico
Cindolo F.
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