The 16 September 1994 Taiwan Strait earthquake: a simple rupture event starting as a break of asperity

Physics

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Scientific paper

In this paper we give a detailed study of the 16 September 1994 Taiwan Strait earthquake using a broad-band body-waveform inversion. An adaptive hybrid global search algorithm was used to solve the nonlinear problems of inverting the spatial distributions of slip amplitude, rake, slip duration and rupture time on a finite fault. The best-fitting solution reveals that the largest slip of 14 m took place in the hypocentre region, in which the rise time is short. The slip amplitude decreases and the rise time increases from the initiation point outward. A suggested mechanism is that the rupture initiated as a breaking of a strong asperity with low dynamic friction and was arrested by large friction around the asperity. The hypocentre is a region of high frequency radiation. We examined the sensitivity by comparing the inversion solutions utilizing varied parameterizations and constraints. These numerical tests show that the major features of the rupture model are better resolved.

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