Physics – Geophysics
Scientific paper
May 1990
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1990rvgeo..28..117s&link_type=abstract
Reviews of Geophysics (ISSN 8755-1209), vol. 28, May 1990, p. 117-143.
Physics
Geophysics
30
Absorption Spectroscopy, Astronomical Spectroscopy, Atmospheric Composition, Occultation, Planetary Atmospheres, Atmospheric Temperature, Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation, Temperature Distribution, Ultraviolet Spectrometers, Vertical Distribution
Scientific paper
The absorption spectrum of the upper atmosphere can be observed as a function of height as a spacecraft observes the setting or rising of the sun or a star behind the limb of a planet. Data reduction methodology for absorptive occultations are described. Emphasis is placed on occultations by atmospheres other than the earth's in which the observed effects are dominated by absorption. Observations of the other planets by ultraviolet spectrometers able to look at the sun as well as stars are presented. Most of the instruments utilized the extreme ultraviolet wavelength region between 500 and 1600 A, which includes strong absorptions by nearly all gases and is consequently very useful for an initial exploration of a little known atmosphere. A closely related development is the utilization of stellar occultations seen from the earth's surface or airborne platforms, to obtain geometrical information on planets, rings, and asteroids, including density profiles of atmospheres. Voyager instruments defined the upper atmospheres of all four Jovian planets and the satellites Titan and Triton. Tight upper limits on the atmosphere of Mercury were established by Mariner 10.
Hunten Donald M.
Smith Gerald R.
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