Other
Scientific paper
May 2001
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2001agusm..sm41a02k&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Spring Meeting 2001, abstract #SM41A-02
Other
2720 Energetic Particles, Trapped, 2730 Magnetosphere--Inner, 2784 Solar Wind/Magnetosphere Interactions, 2788 Storms And Substorms
Scientific paper
The September 24-27, 1998 magnetic storm was triggered by the successive impact of two regions of southward IMF of approximately equal duration and magnitude: one associated with the sheath preceding a magnetic cloud and the other with the cloud itself. The ring current grew rapidly during the passage of the sheath, then decayed throughout the cloud passage. This is surprising since southward IMF in the cloud equaled or exceeded -10 nT for more than 6 hours. The same sort of situation occurred during the 14-17 May 1997 magnetic storm and appears to have occurred during the June 4-6, 1991 storm maximum intensification. However, in the October 18-21, 1998 event, the magnetic storm intensified both during the passage of the sheath and during the passage of the cloud. The plasma sheet density clearly played an important role in modulating the ring current energy input during all of these events. Sharp drops in plasma sheet density significantly limited the energy input to the inner magnetosphere, even in the presence of strong southward IMF, during cloud passage for the first three events. In addition, though solar wind dynamic pressure was high during the sheath passage, it was low during the cloud passage. A major substorm was observed in each of these 3 cases in the time interval associated with the interface between the sheath and the magnetic cloud (near the minimum Dst*). The substorms were triggered by the combined effects of a dynamic pressure peak and northward turning of the IMF. Each substorm was clearly visible in midlatitude magnetometer records and produced a dramatic spike in high-latitude Joule and particle dissipation. Following each of these major substorms, plasma sheet densities at geosynchronous orbit were dramatically reduced. We discuss the geoeffectiveness of southward IMF intervals in the context of storm-substorm coupling.
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