Spacecraft attitude sensing based on the earth's radiation

Details Spacecraft attitude sensing based on the earth's radiation Spacecraft attitude sensing based on the earth's radiation

Feb 1983

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1983esabu..33...29f&link_type=abstract

ESA Bulletin, no. 33, Feb. 1983, p. 29-36.

Physics

1

Attitude Stability, Guidance Sensors, Pointing Control Systems, Satellite Attitude Control, Spacecraft Instruments, Terrestrial Radiation, Earth Albedo, Esa Satellites, Infrared Detectors, Optical Measuring Instruments, Satellite Orientation, Spacecraft Position Indicators, Spin Stabilization, Three Axis Stabilization

Scientific paper

Spacecraft attitude and positioning techniques are described, together with sensor capability for determining position from arriving radiation. Spin stabilization of oblate spacecraft introduces a passive mode, while the same effect is achieved on prolate, cylindrical satellites by introducing a nonspinning part into the spacecraft. Stabilizing geostationary satellites requires sensing of the position of the earth. A spinning satellite senses the earth in a sweep mode by means of a telescope sensor or a fan-beam sensor, which is preferred because of a longer duration imaging of the planet. Three-axis stabilized satellites usually employ either static sensing of the earth limb or dynamic sensing of earth radiation to determine the beginning and end of the area from which radiation is sensed, and fitting the data to a conic section. Scattered solar energy and upcoming thermal energy are used as the reference radiation. IR imagery of the earth is provided as examples of different scenes which can be viewed.

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