Physics – Space Physics
Scientific paper
Jan 2002
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002iaf..confe.302i&link_type=abstract
IAF abstracts, 34th COSPAR Scientific Assembly, The Second World Space Congress, held 10-19 October, 2002 in Houston, TX, USA.,
Physics
Space Physics
Scientific paper
The organized participation of the Bulgarian scientists in the space research started in 1969 when a Group of Space Physics at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS) was established. The first Bulgarian space equipment for ionosphere parameters measurement was created and launched on board satellite Intercosmos - 8 on 1 December 1972. Bulgaria became the 18th space country. Later in 1975 the Central Laboratory for Space Research (CLSR) was founded and the Bulgarian researchers participated successfully in the East European Intercosmos Program, developing equipment and carrying out experiments on the satellites Intercosmos - 12, 14, 19 and the heavy geophysical rockets Vertical - 3, 4, 6, 7, 10. The first Bulgarian cosmonaut George Ivanov was launched in space on board Soyuz-33 in 1979. The scientific program and equipment for this flight were entirely designed by Bulgarian scientists. The two satellites Intercosmos-Bulgaria-1300-I and II were entirely (I) or partially (II) furnished with Bulgarian scientific equipment designed to study the ionosphere-magnetosphere interactions and for remote sensing of the Earth. In 1987 the CLRS became Space Research Institute (SRI). The accumulated experience and scientific knowledge helped the Bulgarian scientists to develop a new scientific program SHIPKA for the flight of the second Bulgarian cosmonaut Alexander Alexandrov in 1988. Fifteen research devices and complexes, that continued working onboard the MIR Orbital Station (OS) long after the Bulgarian flight, were developed and 49 scientific experiments in the field of the space physics, remote sensing, space biology and medicine and space materials were conducted. The Bulgarian scientists also participated successfully in international programs such as VENUS-HALLEY (1985), PHOBOS (1988), AKTIVEN (1989), APEX (1990) and INTERBOL (1995, 1996). The achievements of the Bulgarian scientists from SRI in the field of the Space Biology and Medicine during the last 15 years are described. The history of the development and operation of the SVET Space Greenhouse (SG) for studying plant growth under microgravity and the NEUROLAB-B system for monitoring the astronaut psycho-physiological status on the MIR OS is given. The history of the microgravity plant experiments carried out in the SVET SG on the NASA- MIR and the Russian space program is also described. Unique results in the field of Fundamental Gravitational Biology are obtained: there are no stoppers for plant growth in microgravity and plants can be used in the future Biological Life Support Systems.
Dandolov Ivan
Ivanova Tamara
Kostov P.
Sapunova S.
Simeonov S.
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