Nonlinear Sciences – Chaotic Dynamics
Scientific paper
2011-08-03
Nonlinear Sciences
Chaotic Dynamics
4 figures
Scientific paper
For stable electrical supply, voltage frequency of power plants should be synchronized. Nevertheless, the frequency synchronization causes power loss due to difference of voltage phases among power plants. The cost for synchronization should be reduced for efficient power grids, so-called smart grid, but little is known about what network topology has a small amount of the synchronization cost. In the present study, we newly define the synchronization cost, and investigate the optimal network structure with the minimum synchronization cost through rewiring-based optimization. By approximating a power grid with the Kuramoto model, we demonstrate that the cost is minimized in a snowflake-type network topology, which comprises the densely-connected center nodes and peripheral nodes connecting with the center module. We also show that the network topology is characterized by its bimodal degree distribution, which is quantified by Wolfson's polarization index. Furthermore, we provide analytical explanation on why the bimodal degree distribution is related to the small amount of synchronization cost.
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