Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Scientific paper
2004-01-12
Int.J.Mod.Phys.A21:1199-1220,2006
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
23 pages, 5 figures, RevTex, analytical calculations for two domain case included, more detailed probability plots presented
Scientific paper
10.1142/S0217751X06029508
Formation of topological objects during phase transitions has been discussed extensively in literature. In all these discussions defects and anti-defects form with equal probabilities. In contrast, many physical situations, such as formation of baryons in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at present energies, flux tube formation in superconductors in the presence of external magnetic field, and formation of superfluid vortices in a rotating vessel, require a mechanism which can bias (say) defects over anti-defects. Such a bias can crucially affect defect-anti-defect correlations, apart from its effects on defect density. In this paper we initiate an investigation for the basic mechanism of biased formation of defects. For Skyrmions in 1+1 dimensions, we show that incorporation of a chemical potential term in the effective potential leads to a domain structure where order parameter is spatially varying. We show that this leads to biased formation of Skyrmions.
Layek Biswanath
Sanyal Soma
Srivastava Ajit M.
Sunil Kumar S. V.
Tiwari Vivek K.
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