Sky brightness and polarization during the 1973 African eclipse

Physics – Optics

Scientific paper

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Atmospheric Scattering, Light Scattering, Optical Polarization, Sky Brightness, Solar Eclipses, Africa, Airglow, Atmospheric Models, Earth Albedo, Frequency Shift, Radiance, Radiative Transfer, Spectral Energy Distribution

Scientific paper

The absolute intensity, color, and polarization of the sky were measured during the eclipse of June 30, 1973 in Northern Kenya. Zenith sky radiance during totality decreased by a factor of 10,000 from the normal day sky value. The distribution of sky intensity with angle on the celestial hemisphere was approximately symmetrical about the local zenith, with this point having the minimum intensity value. The spectral distribution of zenithal diffuse skylight shifted toward the blue during totality, but the horizon reddened. The polarization ratio decreased from a normal day value of 0.45 to 0.04. There is evidence that the distribution of polarization ratio is strongly affected by variations in surface albedo. The major results are compatible with predictions based on a radiative transfer model that considers double-scattering processes only.

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