Physics – Quantum Physics
Scientific paper
2007-09-24
Physics
Quantum Physics
4 pages, 4 figures, calculation error corrected, new Fig. 4, 2 new Refs. and 2 omitted
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevA.77.050301
The best qubit one-way quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol can tolerate up to 14.1% in the error rate. It has been shown how this rate can be increased by using larger quantum systems. The polarization state of a biphoton can encode a three level quantum system - a qutrit. The realization of a QKD system with biphotons encounters several problems in generating, manipulating and detecting such photon states. We define those limitations and find within them a few protocols that perform almost as well as the ideal qutrit protocol. One advantage is that these protocols can be implemented with minor modifications into existing single photon systems. The security of one protocol is proved for the most general coherent attacks and the largest acceptable error rate for this protocol is found to be around 17.7%. This is the first time, to the best of our knowledge, that the security of qutrit QKD protocols is rigorously analyzed against general attacks.
Aharonov Dorit
Ben-Or Michael
Bregman I.
Eisenberg Hagai S.
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