SHOTPUT: A mission proposal to study composition and origins of small bodies in the outer solar system through fly-by and impactor science

Physics

Scientific paper

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6008 Composition (1060), 6015 Dust, 6017 Erosion And Weathering, 6040 Origin And Evolution, 6094 Instruments And Techniques

Scientific paper

An exploration of small bodies in the outer solar system can provide information on the origins, evolution, and composition of the solar system, including information on materials and processes that supported the origins of life. As part of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory Planetary Science Summer School, we present a mission designed for the first ever in-situ measurements of the Trojan and Centaur asteroids. The mission has two major scientific goals. The first, to characterize the chemical and physical composition of Trojan and Centaur bodies, will be accomplished by measuring fundamental properties of both bodies as well as characterizing their organic components. The second goal is to characterize the origins and possible evolution of these bodies. In pursuit of this second goal we seek to determine where in the solar system these bodies originated, whether they have undergone dynamical migration, and what evolutionary processes they have experienced. The proposed mission incorporates fly-by imaging and imaging spectroscopy, measurements of the chemical composition of dust, and a set of impactors intended to expose subsurface material for analysis. The proposed seven year mission includes a flyby of main belt asteroid (108144) 2001 HM1, a flyby and impactor release at the Trojan (624) Hector (a suspected contact binary) with companion P/2006, and a flyby with impactor release at the Centaur 39P/Oterma. Along with science goals and targets, we will present a full mission design including instrument package, launch dates and mission timeline, encounter strategy, spacecraft design, and cost estimates.

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