Seismic anisotropy in the mantle transition zone beneath Fiji-Tonga

Physics

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Seismology: Body Wave Propagation, Mineralogy And Petrology: General Or Miscellaneous, Seismology: Core And Mantle, Tectonophysics: Dynamics Of Lithosphere And Mantle-General, Tectonophysics: Earth'S Interior-Composition And State (1212)

Scientific paper

We demonstrate a rare, unequivocal case of anisotropy in the transition zone (TZ), evident from many horizontal-polarized shear-waves (SH) that arrive up to 3 s earlier than vertical-polarized shear-waves (SV). The anisotropic region correlates with deep earthquakes away from the active subduction zone and known boundaries of lateral heterogeneities in compression- and shear-wave speeds. We interpret the anisotropy as strong fabric associated with a large petrologic anomaly in the core of remnant lithosphere which is buoyant and stagnates in the TZ. Fast subduction of cold slab actually favors such a configuration, so slab penetration into the lower mantle does not uniformly occur.

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