Physics
Scientific paper
May 2007
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2007sptz.prop40010m&link_type=abstract
Spitzer Proposal ID #40010
Physics
Scientific paper
The role that massive stars play in the dust content of the Universe is extremely uncertain. It has long beenhypothesized that dust can condense within the ejecta of supernovae (SNe), however there is a frustratingdiscrepancy between the amounts of dust found in the early Universe, or predicted by nucleation theory, andinferred from SN observations. Our SEEDS collaboration has been carefully revisiting the observational casefor dust formation by core-collapse SNe, in order to quantify their role as dust contributors in the earlyUniverse. As dust condenses in expanding SN ejecta, it will increase in optical depth, producing threesimultaneously observable phenomena: (1) increasing optical extinction; (2) infrared (IR) excesses; and (3)asymmetric blue-shifted emission lines. Our SEEDS collaboration recently reported all three phenomenaoccuring in SN2003gd, demonstrating the success of our observing strategy, and permitting us to derive a dustmass of up to 0.02 solar masses created in the SN. To advance our understanding of the origin and evolution ofthe interstellar dust in galaxies, we propose to use HST's WFPC2 and NICMOS instruments plus Spitzer'sphotometric instruments to monitor ten recent core-collapse SNe for dust formation and, as a bonus, detect lightechoes that can affect the dust mass estimates. These space-borne observations will be supplemented by ground-based spectroscopic monitoring of their optical emission line profiles. These observations would continue our 2-year HST and Spitzer monitoring of this phenomena in order to address two key questions: Do all SNe producedust? and How much dust do they produce? As all the SN are witin 15 Mpc, each SN stands an excellentchance of detection with HST and Spitzer and of resolving potential light echoes.
Barlow Michael
Clayton Geoffrey C.
Ercolano Barbara
Fabbri Joanna
Gledhill Tim M.
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