Searching for Substructure in the Galactic Halo-The Imaging Survey

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Scientific paper

We have been undertaking a major survey of the halo of the Milky Way in order to quantify the amount of substructure in the halo. By using Washington photometry, we are able to discover halo stars over the full spatial extent of the halo, from within a few kpc of the sun to beyond 100 kpc. We can thus measure global properties of the halo rather than having to hope that the halo stars near the sun are representative of the halo as a whole. We have shown that our imaging is very efficient with the BTC (Apr 99) and with the new mosaics (Sept 99 for Sagittarius dwarf); We imaged 13 deg^2 in to M=21.0 mag, and with errors approximately 2-4% in each filter, in only 3 nights of BTC time. Our spectroscopic followup (KPNO 4m, May 99) allowed us to identify 14 giants, four of which are more distant than 40 kpc, and one of which has [Fe/H]=-2.9. We have also put major effort into being able to reduce the data in near-real-time. Not only have we found distant halo stars, but we see evidence for substructure in the halo-turnoff starcounts themselves.We therefore ask to followup fields near the alleged substructures in the halo, and to continue the survey itself, using the mosaic cameras in both hemispheres. We stress that excellent photometry is essential in identifying halo giants; it allows us to make the resultant spectroscopy efficient enough that we can obtain a large sample.

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