Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Theory
Scientific paper
1995-11-14
Nucl.Phys. B461 (1996) 109-130
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Theory
29 pages, latex, no figures. slight change in the wording on page 2, references added
Scientific paper
10.1016/0550-3213(95)00655-9
We show that, in 1+1 dimensional gauge theories, a heavy probe charge is screened by dynamical massless fermions both in the case when the source and the dynamical fermions belong to the same representation of the gauge group and, unexpectedly, in the case when the representation of the probe charge is smaller than the representation of the massless fermions. Thus, a fractionally charged heavy probe is screened by dynamical fermions of integer charge in the massless Schwinger model, and a colored probe in the fundamental representation is screened in $QCD_2$ with adjoint massless Majorana fermions. The screening disappears and confinement is restored as soon as the dynamical fermions are given a non-zero mass. For small masses, the string tension is given by the product of the light fermion mass and the fermion condensate with a known numerical coefficient. Parallels with 3+1 dimensional $QCD$ and supersymmetric gauge theories are discussed.
Gross David J.
Klebanov Igor R.
Matytsin A. V.
Smilga Andrei. V.
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