Scientific Context for CMB Anisotropy Observations

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

The anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave Background provides a wealth of information about the initial state and subsequent evolution of the Universe. The primary anisotropies, present at the time of recombination only 300,000 years after the Big Bang, provide information about the primordial perturbation power spectrum for angular scales larger than the horizon at decoupling (theta > 2(deg) ), and further information about the modification of this power spectrum by the interactions with matter at angular scales from theta = 1(deg) to 0.06(deg) (from the Doppler peaks to the thickness of the last scattering surface). Secondary anisotropies produced by non-linear matter density perturbations after recombination extend to even smaller angular scales and can have either a thermal spectrum (Delta T) or a Sunyaev-Zeldovich spectrum (Delta y). The Microwave Anisotropy Probe (MAP), to be launched in 2000, will measure Delta T and its polarization for angular scales theta >= 0.21(deg) , but further ground-based, balloon-borne, and space-borne (PLANCK) observations will be needed to provide better polarization sensitivity, measurements of the Delta y anisotropy, and sensitivity to smaller angular scales. Observations from the South Pole can provide the short wavelength data needed for the determination of Delta y and the large telescopes needed for small angular scales, and will provide a powerful test of cosmological models.

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