Scale for the Phase Diagram of Quantum Chromodynamics

Details Scale for the Phase Diagram of Quantum Chromodynamics Scale for the Phase Diagram of Quantum Chromodynamics

2011-05-19

arxiv.org/abs/1105.3934v1

Science 332:1525-1528,2011

Physics

High Energy Physics

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology

16 pages and 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Science

Scientific paper

10.1126/science.1204621

Matter described by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), the theory of strong interactions, may undergo phase transitions when its temperature and the chemical potentials are varied. QCD at finite temperature is studied in the laboratory by colliding heavy-ions at varying beam energies. We present a test of QCD in the non-perturbative domain through a comparison of thermodynamic fluctuations predicted in lattice computations with the experimental data of baryon number distributions in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. This study provides evidence for thermalization in these collisions, and allows us to find the crossover temperature between normal nuclear matter and a deconfined phase called the quark gluon plasma. This value allows us to set a scale for the phase diagram of QCD.

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